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Plasma Free Fatty Acids and Metabolic Effect in Type 2 Diabetes, an Ancillary Study from a Randomized Clinical Trial.

Citation
Mitri, J., et al. “Plasma Free Fatty Acids And Metabolic Effect In Type 2 Diabetes, An Ancillary Study From A Randomized Clinical Trial.”. Nutrients.
Center Joslin Diabetes Center
Author Joanna Mitri, Shaheen Tomah, Jeremy Furtado, Mhd Wael Tasabehji, Osama Hamdy
Keywords dairy, diabetes, Fatty acids
Abstract

Most nutrition studies looking at the association of food with cardiometabolic markers rely on food frequency questionnaires, which are prone to recall bias. Pentadecanoic acid, heptadecanoic acid and trans-palmitoleic acid are fatty acids that are not synthesized endogenously but are obtained from the diet, particularly dairy, making them reasonable biomarkers of dairy consumption. We investigated the association of dairy fatty acid biomarkers with glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and cardiovascular risk factors in type 2 diabetes (T2D). In a clinical trial, 111 participants with T2D (age 58.5 ± 8.9 years, HbA1c 8.09 ± 0.96%) were randomized into three groups: a control group that maintained baseline dairy intake, a low-fat (LF) group that incorporated ≥3 servings/day of LF dairy and a high-fat (HF) group that incorporated ≥3 servings/day of HF dairy. We compared the fatty acids (FA) composition between the three groups at 24 weeks. Pentadecanoic acid and trans-palmitoleic acid increased in the HF group by 14.1% ± 5.4% and 17.5% ± 5.1%, respectively, but not in the control and LF groups ( = 0.0474 and = 0.0025 for group-by-time interaction, respectively). Those increases were positively associated with changes in total cholesterol, very-low-density lipoprotein cholesterol VLDL-C and triglycerides but were not associated with changes in HbA1c from baseline to 24 weeks. These results suggest that the intervention was successful and that participants were likely compliant, which supports the validity of the main trial.

Year of Publication
2021
Journal
Nutrients
Volume
13
Issue
4
Date Published
03/2021
ISSN Number
2072-6643
DOI
10.3390/nu13041145
Alternate Journal
Nutrients
PMID
33807135
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