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Pancreatic β-cell heterogeneity in health and diabetes: classes, sources, and subtypes.
Citation | “Pancreatic Β-Cell Heterogeneity In Health And Diabetes: Classes, Sources, And Subtypes.”. American Journal Of Physiology. Endocrinology And Metabolism, pp. E716-E731. . |
Center | Washington University in St Louis |
Author | Mario A Miranda, Juan F Macias-Velasco, Heather A Lawson |
Keywords | diabetes, insulin secretion, β-cell heterogeneity, β-cell subtype |
Abstract |
Pancreatic β-cells perform glucose-stimulated insulin secretion, a process at the center of type 2 diabetes etiology. Efforts to understand how β-cells behave in healthy and stressful conditions have revealed a wide degree of morphological, functional, and transcriptional heterogeneity. Sources of heterogeneity include β-cell topography, developmental origin, maturation state, and stress response. Advances in sequencing and imaging technologies have led to the identification of β-cell subtypes, which play distinct roles in the islet niche. This review examines β-cell heterogeneity from morphological, functional, and transcriptional perspectives, and considers the relevance of topography, maturation, development, and stress response. It also discusses how these factors have been used to identify β-cell subtypes, and how heterogeneity is impacted by diabetes. We examine open questions in the field and discuss recent technological innovations that could advance understanding of β-cell heterogeneity in health and disease. |
Year of Publication |
2021
|
Journal |
American journal of physiology. Endocrinology and metabolism
|
Volume |
320
|
Issue |
4
|
Number of Pages |
E716-E731
|
Date Published |
04/2021
|
ISSN Number |
1522-1555
|
DOI |
10.1152/ajpendo.00649.2020
|
Alternate Journal |
Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab
|
PMID |
33586491
|
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