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Endoplasmic Reticulum-Associated Biomarkers for Molecular Phenotyping of Rare Kidney Disease.

Citation
Li, C., and Y. M. Chen. “Endoplasmic Reticulum-Associated Biomarkers For Molecular Phenotyping Of Rare Kidney Disease.”. International Journal Of Molecular Sciences.
Center Washington University in St Louis
Author Chuang Li, Ying Maggie Chen
Keywords biomarkers, endoplasmic reticulum, kidney disease
Abstract

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is the central site for folding, post-translational modifications, and transport of secretory and membrane proteins. An imbalance between the load of misfolded proteins and the folding capacity of the ER causes ER stress and an unfolded protein response. Emerging evidence has shown that ER stress or the derangement of ER proteostasis contributes to the development and progression of a variety of glomerular and tubular diseases. This review gives a comprehensive summary of studies that have elucidated the role of the three ER stress signaling pathways, including inositol-requiring enzyme 1 (IRE1), protein kinase R-like ER kinase (PERK), and activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6) signaling in the pathogenesis of kidney disease. In addition, we highlight the recent discovery of ER-associated biomarkers, including MANF, ERdj3, ERdj4, CRELD2, PDIA3, and angiogenin. The implementation of these novel biomarkers may accelerate early diagnosis and therapeutic intervention in rare kidney disease.

Year of Publication
2021
Journal
International journal of molecular sciences
Volume
22
Issue
4
Date Published
02/2021
ISSN Number
1422-0067
DOI
10.3390/ijms22042161
Alternate Journal
Int J Mol Sci
PMID
33671535
PMCID
PMC7926397
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