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Bariatric surgery reveals a gut-restricted TGR5 agonist with anti-diabetic effects.

Citation
Chaudhari, S. N., et al. “Bariatric Surgery Reveals A Gut-Restricted Tgr5 Agonist With Anti-Diabetic Effects.”. Nature Chemical Biology, pp. 20-29.
Center Boston Area
Author Snehal N Chaudhari, David A Harris, Hassan Aliakbarian, James N Luo, Matthew T Henke, Renuka Subramaniam, Ashley H Vernon, Ali Tavakkoli, Eric G Sheu, Sloan Devlin
Abstract

Bariatric surgery, the most effective treatment for obesity and type 2 diabetes, is associated with increased levels of the incretin hormone glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and changes in levels of circulating bile acids. The levels of individual bile acids in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract after surgery have, however, remained largely unstudied. Using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry-based quantification, we observed an increase in an endogenous bile acid, cholic acid-7-sulfate (CA7S), in the GI tract of both mice and humans after sleeve gastrectomy. We show that CA7S is a Takeda G-protein receptor 5 (TGR5) agonist that increases Tgr5 expression and induces GLP-1 secretion. Furthermore, CA7S administration increases glucose tolerance in insulin-resistant mice in a TGR5-dependent manner. CA7S remains gut restricted, minimizing off-target effects previously observed for TGR5 agonists absorbed into the circulation. By studying changes in individual metabolites after surgery, the present study has revealed a naturally occurring TGR5 agonist that exerts systemic glucoregulatory effects while remaining confined to the gut.

Year of Publication
2021
Journal
Nature chemical biology
Volume
17
Issue
1
Number of Pages
20-29
Date Published
01/2021
ISSN Number
1552-4469
DOI
10.1038/s41589-020-0604-z
Alternate Journal
Nat Chem Biol
PMID
32747812
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