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A rapidly acting glutamatergic ARC→PVH satiety circuit postsynaptically regulated by α-MSH.

Citation
Fenselau, H., et al. “A Rapidly Acting Glutamatergic Arc→Pvh Satiety Circuit Postsynaptically Regulated By Α-Msh.”. Nature Neuroscience, pp. 42-51.
Center Boston Area
Author Henning Fenselau, John N Campbell, Anne M J Verstegen, Joseph C Madara, Jie Xu, Bhavik P Shah, Jon M Resch, Zongfang Yang, Yael Mandelblat-Cerf, Yoav Livneh, Bradford B Lowell
Abstract

Arcuate nucleus (ARC) neurons sense the fed or fasted state and regulate hunger. Agouti-related protein (AgRP) neurons in the ARC (ARC neurons) are stimulated by fasting and, once activated, they rapidly (within minutes) drive hunger. Pro-opiomelanocortin (ARC) neurons are viewed as the counterpoint to ARC neurons. They are regulated in an opposite fashion and decrease hunger. However, unlike ARC neurons, ARC neurons are extremely slow in affecting hunger (many hours). Thus, a temporally analogous, rapid ARC satiety pathway does not exist or is presently unidentified. Here we show that glutamate-releasing ARC neurons expressing oxytocin receptor, unlike ARC neurons, rapidly cause satiety when chemo- or optogenetically manipulated. These glutamatergic ARC projections synaptically converge with GABAergic ARC projections on melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R)-expressing satiety neurons in the paraventricular hypothalamus (PVH neurons). Transmission across the ARC→PVH synapse is potentiated by the ARC neuron-derived MC4R agonist, α-melanocyte stimulating hormone (α-MSH). This excitatory ARC→PVH satiety circuit, and its modulation by α-MSH, provides insight into regulation of hunger and satiety.

Year of Publication
2017
Journal
Nature neuroscience
Volume
20
Issue
1
Number of Pages
42-51
Date Published
12/2017
ISSN Number
1546-1726
DOI
10.1038/nn.4442
Alternate Journal
Nat. Neurosci.
PMID
27869800
PMCID
PMC5191921
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